The seriousness of these risks has prompted official warnings from the highest levels of law enforcement. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has specifically warned internet users that many free online file conversion tools are often scams that install malware or ransomware. According to the FBI, “These converters and downloading tools will do the task advertised, but the resulting file can contain hidden malware giving criminals access to the victim’s computer”. The FBI further warns that many victims do not realize they have been infected until it is too late, and their computer is infected with ransomware or their identity has been stolen.